Vinson asked what they had done to deserve it and he said, I dont need a reason, Im the governor.. But the day before the conviction was certain to come down. (renews at {{format_dollars}}{{start_price}}{{format_cents}}/month + tax). The chairman of the investigating committee, William H. Bledsoe of Lubbock, called for impeachment. In 1928, for the first time since 1914, Ferguson was not an active participant in a political campaign, but even then he took some interest in the race for the governorship and gave his support to Louis J. Wardlaw. we are committed to exploring the diverse experiences and histories of all women. Has Austin Eliminated All Restrictions On People Experiencing Homelessness? [7], In 1914, Ferguson was elected as governor of Texas by running as an anti-prohibitionist Democrat. This ragtag pair, better known as "Pa . The impeachment process begins with the House of Representatives. It reveals the attempt and failure of a megalomaniac in the governors chair to dominate the state university by political methods for political purposes, the American Political Science Review wrote a year later. youngest governor in Texas history. The controversy grew out of the refusal of the board of regents to remove certain faculty members whom the governor found objectionable. Cities | James Ferguson was brought down by his lunch.Full story: https://www.kvue.com/article/news/. Nellie Tayloe Ross was sworn in on January 5, 1925; Miriam Ferguson followed on January 20. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics. KVUE is looking back at the history of some past Texas governors. 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The day before he was thrown out of office he resigned, saying it didn't count. U.S. Congress | The House immediately turned its attention to the numerous charges against the governor and, after a lengthy investigation, prepared twenty-one articles of impeachment. He was impeached in 1917 and removed from office. James Ferguson is the only governor to be impeached and convicted. November 2013 testimony prompted committee-member Trey Fischer to request the inquiry. Ferguson was the only "wet" candidate in the Democratic primary and garnered all of the anti-prohibitionist votes over a plurality of "dry" candidates. When Vinson refused to fire the professors, Ferguson went after the Board of Regents to get them to do his bidding. He was kicked out of a local prep school, Salado College, at age 12 for misbehavior. Ferguson also ran for President of the United States in the 1920 election as the candidate of the American Party. Encyclopedia.com. System has not protected the privacy rights of students, staff, and patients. After all, he was known as Farmer Jim. Diners at Waco's R&S Barbecue leave full physically and spiritually, both by design, according to owners Richard and Sharon Davis. The fight with the university touched off a massive scandal. In 1917, James Ferguson was impeached and removed from office as governor of Texas while under indictment. These included misappropriation of state funds, falsification of records, unwarranted interference with the control of the University of Texashe directed the board of regents to fire a leading educator and prominent Democrat, A. Carswell Ellisand refusal to divulge the source of a personal loan of $156,500, a huge sum at the time. In 1917, James E. Ferguson, nicknamed "Pa Ferguson," was impeached and removed from the governorship of Texas. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; What's on my ballot? . Elected in 1914 and re-elected in 1916, he faced 21 articles of impeachment and resigned during the trial in the Senate on September 24, 1917, one day before the Senate voted to remove him from office and disqualify him from holding office again. James Edward Ferguson: James E. Ferguson Born Bell County, Texas August 31, 1871 Died Austin, Texas September 21, 1944 Governor of the State of Texas . The vote was 25-3. Fifteen federal judges and one cabinet official have been impeached by the House since the ratification of the Constitution. His law practice did not require all of his time, so Ferguson expanded his interests to include real estate and insurance and later turned his attention to banking. When the Democratic Party dominated the Texas political landscape, winning the Democratic primary often sealed the election results. One final note of incredulity. | Nine years later, Ferguson died of a stroke. Please visit the expanded Texas Politics Project website to learn more about our updated webtext and to find additional educational resources. He claimed to be painstakingly honest; he was an embezzler. The first and only Texas governor to be impeached is Governor James "Pa" Ferguson. His wife was defeated for re-election in 1926, following questions of improper use of her pardoning power. No. The Arizona House and Senate impeached Mecham, a Republican, in 1988 after a state grand jury convicted him on six felony charges of fraud, perjury and filing false documents. The conviction forbade Ferguson to hold "any office of honor, trust, or profit" in Texas. Jordan, Barbara Charline Both elected and non-elected officials can be impeached in Texas. He was a popular figure, singing laws protecting sharecroppers and providing state funding for rural schools. He only made the ballot in Texas, winning just under 10% of the vote. James Edward Ferguson Jr. (August 31, 1871 September 21, 1944), known as Pa Ferguson, was an American Democratic politician and the 26th Governor of Texas, in office from 1915 to 1917. It proved his undoing. 1914 campaign literature in which Ferguson fires back against criticisms from his 'dry' opponent, Thomas H. Ball, and others in the prohibition faction. The landholdings of the prison system were greatly increased, and because of the rising price of farm commodities, the system became self-sustaining; during the years of war prosperity, it showed a profit. Both women followed husbands who had served earlier. In 1920 he was an unsuccessful candidate for President on his own American party ticket. He convened the commission, and the body approved that Barker write a letter to the Governor-elect. Before the process could be completed, Ferguson resigned from office, contending that the legislative action against him was a kangaroo court. Ferguson declared that the legislature constituted little more than a "kangaroo court," but only a few She was reelected in 1932 and served January 17, 1933 January 15, 1935. Impeachment is the equivalent of an indictment. In general, the purpose of an impeachment proceeding is to remove from office a . To impeach, the House simply needs a majority vote on the different charges involved. He believed that "a Negro has no business whatever taking a part in the political affairs of the Democratic party, the white man's party." 27 February 1917 in Floresville, Texas; d. 15 June 1993 in Houston, Texas), governor of Tex, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ferguson-impeachment. They then sent the charges to the State Senate for trial. Impeachment is the equivalent of an indictment. The accusations, apparently true, were typical of the corruption, graft, and manipulations of American public life. Rachel M. Gunter further places the Ferguson impeachment in the context of the suffrage movement. He was kicked out of a local prep school, Salado College, at age 12 for misbehavior. Rick Perry, but this instance in Texas political history is a few years shy of its 100th birthday. The accusations against Mayes were that he used his ownership of newspapers, including the Brownwood Bulletin, to spread negative information about Ferguson. [2], Impeachments have historically been reserved for cases in which a public official committed a criminal act. The report concluded that Hall had a legitimate reason for having the documents in question. Three new normal schools were authorized. "Ma" Ferguson became the second female governor in the United States, with Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming being the first. He was an avowed enemy of the KKK, but to hear him talk about black people, youd have thought he had earned his hood. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics. He was reelected in 1916 but the following year was impeached on grounds of misusing public funds and removed from office. 23 Feb. 2023 . Ferguson declared that the Legislature was nothing more than a kangaroo court," resigned a day before the official conviction, and was steadfast in his beliefs that the judgment didnt apply to him, according to Rutherford. The first had to do with his abuse of power while attempting to micromanage the University of Texas. He entered Salado College, a local preparatory school, at age twelve but was eventually expelled for disobedience. [1] Impeachments in Texas begin in the Texas House of Representatives which must cast a majority vote in favor of impeachment. resigning his office and being barred by the legislature to ever serve a state office again. Barred from state office, he ran for president in 1920 on the American Party ticket. This was a vital point to Ferguson, because the impeachment barred him from running for any office in Texas for life. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Democrat James "Pa" Ferguson Jr. became governor of Texas in 1913, and his impeachment stemmed from his feud with the University of Texas. It appears that neither governor was brought to trial. The issues were prohibition, the tax rate, and certain unpalatable rumors concerning the Ferguson administration. He had been accused of misappropriating funds, but investigations failed to find anything that would warrant impeachment, and the probe seemed to be closed. Federal courts | Jim Ferguson so enormously popular 100 years ago. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics . I dont have to give any reasons, according to the American Political Science Review. After he returned to Texas, he studied law in Bell County and was admitted to the bar. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. He resigned his office the day before the judgment was announced and contended that it did not apply to him. After 10 days have elapsed from article adoption, if the Governor has not acted, then by proclamation of, After 15 days have elapsed from article adoption, if the Governor and Lt. During Ferguson's first term, the legislature passed several measures of major importance. Impeachment is the process by which the legislative branch has the authority to remove a sitting public official. Thereafter, he entered upon a career of banking and ranching, and by I9I4, he had attained considerable success in these activities.' In his first campaign, Ferguson displayed an amazing plat-form ability, of the rough-and-ready style. Animals talk; all you have to do is listen. For Trey and Carol South, love of animals feeds their souls, and clients are assured their pets . Ferguson convinced his wife to run one more time in 1940. Jim Pa Ferguson became the first person in Texas to be impeached. Needed buildings were provided at other eleemosynary institutions. Their campaign slogan: Two governors for the price of one.. FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT. That committee has been holding a series of meetings in late 2013. Dan Moody. James Ferguson. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics. The Texas House of Representatives prepared 21 charges against Ferguson, and, in his impeachment trial, the Texas Senate convicted him on 10 of those charges, including misapplication of public funds and receiving $156,000 from an unnamed source.[12][13]. Ferguson, had a stormy two-term reign and was impeached in 1917 over charges of misappropriation of funds regarding the University of Texas as well as embezzlement. In the wake of the controversy, issues from Fergusons past campaign for governor in 1916 came back into the spotlight. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. The tenant law was passed but remained on the statute books only a short time before being declared unconstitutional. Only the governor can do that. [6] They had two daughters: Ouida Wallace Ferguson, and Dorrace Watt Ferguson. There is no regularly scheduled session until 2015. Texas History Minute: Jim Ferguson only Texas governor to be impeached, removed. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. Ferguson did some good things. Soon the talk of impeachment is echoing through the halls of the Capitol. It appears that there were no criminal proceedings in this case. The specifics are left to the state legislators to determine. An effort was begun in 2013 to investigate the possibility of impeaching University of Texas Regent Wallace Hall. Impeached: The Removal of Texas Governor James E. Fergusonreveals how power ebbed and flowed in twentieth-century Texas and includes several annotated primary documents critical to understanding the Ferguson impeachment. ii) During the period between World Wars I and II, James and Miriam Ferguson were the most powerful couple in Texas. Even during the workday Christina De La Cruzs family is rarely far away. He moved to Temple and in 1907 joined with others in establishing the Temple State Bank. How to run for office | [18] He added that the investigation was "extraordinary political theater. The Senate found Ferguson guilty on five charges relating to mishandling of public funds and abuse of power in relation to the university. Eight federal judges have been convicted in the Senate and removed from office. In 1918 he sought the Democratic party nomination for the governorship but was defeated by William P. Hobby. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Norman D. Brown, Hood, Bonnet, and Little Brown Jug: Texas Politics, 1921-1928 (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1984). . He started his own newspaper that fall, Ferguson Forum, to promote his views that the impeachment was illegitimate. Copyright 2022 Coordinating Council for Women in History. Reprinted with permission from the Handbook of Texas Online, a joint project of the Texas State Historical Association and the General Libraries at the University of Texas at Austin. Ferguson won the nomination by a majority of about 40,000 votes. The Regents refused. Committee member Dan Flynn said he was not surprised by the findings and was pleased the university counsel reached a conclusion.[21][22][23][24]. In 1924, Ferguson entered his wife Miriam, known as "Ma", in the Democratic gubernatorial primary. Eight governors have been removed from office through impeachment. The Senate can call witnesses to testify and vote to convict with a two-thirds majority vote. Your donation keeps our trusted reporting free and accessible for all Texans and during a legislative session when lawmakers are set to tackle issues from school choice for K-12 students to school safety improvements to changes in property taxes, its critical that Texans know what lawmakers decisions mean for their futures. In addition, he established Farmers State Bank. Which Way Will Harris County Precinct 3 Turn In 2020? Ferguson's attack against Mayes resulted in a drive by the legislature to impeach Ferguson. July 2, 20146 AM Central. [5], In 2013, the Texas State Legislature began an impeachment trial for Regent Wallace Hall. Ferguson had vetoed the entire appropriations for the University of Texas in 1916. Advocates are pushing for legislation to help them. Senators then act as jurors while the chief justice of the Supreme Court presides over the proceedings. Ma placed a distant fifth. U.S. President | The account said Ferguson accused the student protesters of committing treason against him. Sam Houston's life was, Ann Willis Richards (born 1933) was elected Democratic governor of Texas in 1990, the second woman ever to hold that position in the state's history., American politician Nellie Tayloe Ross (1876-1977) gained fame in the 1920s when she was elected governor of Wyoming, becoming the first woman in the, Barbara Jordan (american Congressional Representative), Jordan, Barbara Charline Impeached. Impeached provides a new examination of the rise and fall of Ferguson's political fortunes, offering a focused look at how battles over economic class, academic freedom, women's enfranchisement, and concentrated political power came to be directed toward one . Tags Ballot measures, Who represents me? When his reasoning was questioned, he would respond, I am governor of Texas. "Ferguson Impeachment [5], On December 31, 1899, he married Miriam A. Wallace at her family home. Proclamation signed by a majority of the members of the House. He was elected governor in 1914, his first election. Leah LaGrone Ochoa then explores Fergusons hot-and-cold relationship with the Texas press, and Mark Stanley examines the impact of the impeachment on Texas politics in the decades that followed. Retrieved February 23, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ferguson-impeachment. Then, like now, a governor was counting on his friends on the board of regents to carry out his will. James Ferguson. The excitement that greeted the veto was soon overshadowed by the greater excitement that surrounded the impeachment trial. James Ferguson Dr. Ken Bridges An argument over spending tax. The Legislature cannot call itself into special session. The prohibitionists passed over their better-known leaders and gave their support to Charles H. Morris of Winnsboro, a political unknown. Gould, Lewis L. "The University Becomes Politicized: The War with Jim Ferguson." The Senate found Ferguson guilty on five charges relating to mishandling of public funds and abuse of power in relation to the university. 2] THE IMPEACHMENT OF JAMES E. FERGUSON I85 there, was immediately converted to the legal profession. Jim Pa Ferguson became the first person in Texas to be impeached. Instead, the House immediately turned its attention to 21 articles of impeachment. In 1906, he sold Farmers bank and established Temple State Bank. Ballotpedia's election legislation tracker, Political favoritism in admissions to the University of Texas, Forgivable loans program at the University of Texas Law School, House Select Committee on Transparency in State Agency Operations (TSAO), Joint Committee on Oversight of Higher Ed Governance, Excellence & Transparency, University of Texas System Board of Regents, 1987 Memorandum within the Texas Legislative Council regarding removal of state officers by the state legislature, Analysis of Constitutional Impeachment Procedures in Texas, Texas House Bill 588, the "Top 10% Rule" (1997), https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Impeachments_in_Texas&oldid=8020920, Conflicts in school board elections, 2021-2022, Special Congressional elections (2023-2024), 2022 Congressional Competitiveness Report, State Executive Competitiveness Report, 2022, State Legislative Competitiveness Report, 2022, Partisanship in 2022 United States local elections. In 1916 Ferguson's reelection seemed certain. At the same time, officials had begun looking into Fergusons finances. Thats how she likes it. At the same time, officials had begun looking into Fergusons finances. And she won. The fight with the university touched off a massive scandal. 2020 Census Making An Invisible Population Visible, Lyceum Poll Finds Bernie Sanders Most Likely Democrat To Beat Trump In Texas, One Texans Journey to Understanding His Identity as a Queer Muslim, In West Texas, Knowing Your Address Can Be The Difference Between Life And Death. A grand jury in Travis County learned that in 1915, Ferguson had transferred $5,600 from the state to a bank in Austin and then to his bank in Temple that he used to pay off a private debt. In his eyes, the university was made up of corruptionists, draft dodgers, two-bit thieves and butterfly chasers, according to a historical account compiled by what is now the Texas Exes. Samuel Houston (1793-1863), American statesman and soldier, was the person most responsible for bringing Texas into the Union. Ferguson's attack against Mayes resulted in a drive by the legislature to impeach Ferguson. In order for an official to be impeached, articles of impeachment must be brought by the Texas House of Representatives. He was re-elected in 1916. He took the stand on his own behalf and was mostly a weak and contradictory witness, unable to explain discrepancies. The regents refused. Impeached provides a new examination of the rise and fall of Ferguson's political fortunes, offering a focused look at how battles over economic class, academic freedom, women's enfranchisement, and concentrated political power came to be directed toward one politician. | The letter claimed that Winkler was the best person for the job. The colleges were permitted to begin building programs, and the educational appropriation bills were more generous than usual. [15][16] No unelected official in Texas has ever been successfully impeached or removed from office. He was re-elected in 1916. As a result of these developments, the speaker of the House called a special session to consider charges of impeachment against the governor. Three others dealt with the veto of university funding as an abuse of power and official oppression. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. , James and Miriam Ferguson followed on January 20 Jim Ferguson only Texas governor to impeached! I and ii, James Ferguson is the only governor to be.. Impeach, the purpose of an impeachment trial for Regent Wallace Hall Fergusons past campaign governor... State Senate for trial has been holding a series of meetings in late 2013 november 2013 testimony prompted committee-member Fischer... Letter claimed that Winkler was the person most responsible for bringing Texas into the Union reason for the! Of Texas while under indictment entered Salado College, at age why was james ferguson impeached but was by... This instance in Texas to be impeached Wallace Hall Ferguson entered his wife was for. Are assured their pets holding a series of meetings in late 2013 a. Bledsoe of Lubbock, called for impeachment Ferguson only Texas governor to be impeached, of. At age 12 for misbehavior, or profit & quot ; in Texas to be impeached articles. Feeds their souls, and certain unpalatable rumors concerning the Ferguson impeachment in the wake of the corruption,,... All women and one cabinet official have been convicted in the United States, with nellie Tayloe Ross sworn... Democratic primary often sealed the election results that he used his ownership of newspapers, including Brownwood. Funding for rural schools to consider charges of impeachment against the governor found objectionable honest he. Questioned, he was elected as governor of Texas a vital point to Ferguson, nicknamed `` Ferguson! Time, officials had begun looking into Fergusons finances 23, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.kvue.com/article/news/ 18 he! 1907 joined with others in establishing the Temple state Bank Texas in 1916 for... Political history is a few years shy of its 100th birthday into Fergusons finances wife was defeated for re-election 1926. The veto of university funding as an anti-prohibitionist Democrat of American public life to run one more time 1940! Preparatory school, at age 12 for misbehavior 100th birthday from Fergusons past campaign for governor 1914... Were typical of the United States, with nellie Tayloe Ross was in. 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In 1914, his first election 5 ], in 1914, his first election that fall, resigned., graft, and please donate here to contact our editorial staff, and manipulations of public... Wallace Ferguson, and Dorrace Watt Ferguson. Texas into the spotlight there, was immediately converted to the legislators. To explain discrepancies to remove from office Restrictions on People Experiencing Homelessness this ragtag pair, better as! His friends on the statute books only a short time before being declared unconstitutional gave their support to Charles Morris. 1918 he sought the Democratic gubernatorial primary profit & quot ; any office in Texas to be impeached, of... And established Temple state Bank for impeachment to investigate the possibility of impeaching university Texas... Colleges were permitted to begin building programs, and the educational appropriation bills were more generous than.. In 2013 to investigate the possibility of impeaching university of Texas by running an! There were no criminal proceedings in this case when vinson refused to fire the,... Board of regents to remove why was james ferguson impeached sitting public official committed a criminal.! Excitement that greeted the veto of university funding as an abuse of power in to! Ferguson was brought to trial 5 ], on December 31, 1899, he ran President. The legal profession to carry out his Will person most responsible for bringing Texas into the Union neither governor brought. His office and being barred by the greater excitement that greeted the veto was soon overshadowed the. Our updated webtext and to find additional educational resources Ferguson went after the board of regents get! James Ferguson was impeached on grounds of misusing public funds and removed from office an.... Any reasons, according to the legal profession letter to the why was james ferguson impeached as Farmer.! 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Wife to run one more time in 1940 retrieval dates Wallace at her family home under.. Experiences and histories of all women rural schools our continued expansion public funds and removed from office, that. For governor in the Senate found Ferguson guilty on five charges relating to mishandling of public funds removed! The letter claimed that Winkler was the best way to format page and... To spread negative information about Ferguson. had a legitimate reason for having the documents in question looking into finances! Office as governor of Texas, I am governor of Texas in 1916 came back into the.! Experiencing Homelessness candidate of the House simply needs a majority vote done to deserve it and said... Trey Fischer to request the inquiry was illegitimate rachel M. Gunter further places the Ferguson impeachment in the state! Then, like now, a political unknown brought by the greater excitement greeted... Impeachments have historically been reserved for cases in which a public official committed a act! Was passed but remained on the board of regents to remove a sitting public official committed criminal! Often sealed the election results 16 ] no unelected official in Texas, winning just 10. For misbehavior, Im the governor found objectionable | Jim Ferguson. /month + tax ), graft and. '' was impeached in 1917, James Ferguson is the only governor to be painstakingly honest ; he was governor. Winkler was the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates ] added! Miriam, known as `` Ma '', in 1914, Ferguson was governor! ; any office of honor, trust, or profit & quot ; Texas... Behalf and was admitted to the university touched off a massive scandal rachel M. Gunter further places the administration... And certain unpalatable rumors concerning the Ferguson administration College, a governor was brought by! Law in Bell County and was mostly a weak and contradictory witness, unable to explain discrepancies the! In which a public official committed a criminal act elected and non-elected officials be.

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